Rapeseed, also called colza, is a member of the Cruciferae family and grows to a height of 75-175 cm. It has yellow flowers, blue-green leaves and is heavily branched with deep, fibrous taproot. The seeds are small, round and black-red in colour.
What we today term rapeseed actually comprises several different varieties within the Brassica family which are very similar: Brassica napus (rapeseed) and Brassica rapa (turnip rapeseed).
Rapeseed is one of the oldest cultivated plants on earth, from antiquity right down until the nineteenth century; rapeseed oil was used mainly for lighting and as a lubricant, today, rapeseed oil is one of the most important vegetable oils for human consumption.